Working Papers

March 2025

1. Persuasion with Verifiable Information Maria Titova and Kun Zhang R&R at Journal of Economic Theory Abstract Paper Slides

   This paper studies a game in which an informed sender with state-independent preferences uses verifiable messages to convince a receiver to choose an action from a finite set. We characterize the equilibrium outcomes of the game and compare them to commitment outcomes from information design. We provide conditions for a commitment outcome to be an equilibrium outcome and identify environments in which the sender does not benefit from having commitment power. Our findings offer insights into the interchangeability of verifiability and commitment in applied settings.

   
   
2. Witholding Verifiable Information Kun Zhang and Maria Titova Abstract

   We study a class of finite-action disclosure games where the sender’s preferences are state independent and the receiver’s optimal action depends solely on the expected state. In such games, the receiver’s preferred equilibria feature full revelation of the state, but other equilibria are less well-understood. We show that a sender’s preferred equilibrium balances inducing sender-favorable actions and deterring deviations by pooling nonadjacent states in a particular way. Leveraging this observation, we characterize other equilibria of the game and the sender’s equilibrium payoff set, and identify conditions under which the sender does not benefit from commitment power. We apply these insights to study influencing voters and selling with quality disclosure.

   
   

February 2024

1. Targeted Advertising in Elections Maria Titova R&R at AEJ: Microeconomics Abstract Paper Slides

   How does targeted advertising influence electoral outcomes? This paper presents a one-dimensional spatial model of voting in which a privately informed challenger persuades voters to support him over the status quo. I show that targeted advertising enables the challenger to persuade voters with opposing preferences and swing elections decided by such voters; under simple majority, the challenger can defeat the status quo even when it is located at the median voter’s bliss point. Ex-ante commitment power is unnecessary—the challenger succeeds by strategically revealing different pieces of verifiable information to different voters. Publicizing all political ads would mitigate the negative effects of targeted advertising and help voters collectively make the right choice.

   
   

July 2024

1. Coalition-Proof Disclosure Germán Gieczewski and Maria Titova Abstract Paper Slides

   We analyze the equilibrium set of a general game of verifiable disclosure with type-independent sender preferences and propose coalition proofness among sender types as an equilibrium selection criterion. We provide recursive algorithms that output all equilibrium strategies and all coalition-proof equilibrium strategies. We provide four sets of conditions on the sender’s payoff function and the mapping from sender types to available messages that guarantee existence of a coalition-proof equilibrium. We show when coalition proofness coincides with existing equilibrium selection methods such as receiver optimality and truth-leaning. We geometrically characterize the sender’s ex-ante utility in the coalition-proof equilibrium of a disclosure game with a rich message space and compare it to its counterparts in cheap talk and Bayesian persuasion.

   
   

April 2021

1. Collaborative Search for a Public Good Maria Titova Abstract Paper Slides

   This paper studies a model of costly sequential search among risky alternatives performed by a group of agents. The learning process stops, and the best uncovered option is implemented when the agents unanimously agree to stop or when all the projects have been researched. Both the implemented project and all the information gathered during the search process are public goods. I show that the equilibrium path implements the same project based on the same information gathered in the same order as the social planner. At the same time, due to free riding, search in teams leads to a delay at each stage of the learning process, which grows with search costs. Consequently, the team manager prefers to delegate the search to an individual agent. In contrast, every agent prefers searching with a partner, since she collects the same reward but only pays the search cost half the time.

   
   

Work in Progress

1. Political Messaging and Voter Learning Renee Bowen, J. Lawrence Broz, Santiago Cantillo-Cleves, Yung-Chun Chen, and Maria Titova
   
2. Revealed and Concealed Repression: Measurement, Deterrence, and Backlash Maria Titova, Emily Hencken Ritter, and Mehdi Shadmehr
   
3. Manufactured Grievances and Regime Survival Germán Gieczewski and Maria Titova Slides
   

1. Learning and Competition in Electoral Campaigns Peter Bils and Maria Titova Slides
   

Publications

2018

1. Shopping Malls, Platforms and Consumer Search Alexei Parakhonyak and Maria Titova International Journal of Industrial Organization Abstract Paper Slides

   We consider a model of a market for differentiated goods in which firms are located in marketplaces e.g., shopping malls or platforms. There are search frictions between marketplaces, but not within. Marketplaces differ in size. We show that an equilibrium in which consumers start their search at the largest marketplace and continue in the descending order of size, always exists. Despite charging lower prices, firms in larger marketplaces earn higher profits. Under free entry, all firms cluster in one marketplace provided that search frictions are large enough. If a marketplace determines the price of entry, then the equilibrium marketplace size is a single-peaked function of search costs and is decreasing for most of the search cost range.